Abstract
Purpose
To track the saline during infusion with a 15 G needle into healthy pig livers at
high and low infusion rates for 300 s.
Methods
In each experiment, the needle was inserted into a single lobe of the liver to a depth
of at least 2 cm following its longer axis. Two sets of experiments were defined:
1) low infusion rate of 0.1 mL/min (n = 6) and 2) high infusion rate of 1 mL/min (n = 6). Cine CT scans were carried out and three transverse planes were defined around
the infusion point (IP), which corresponds with needle tip. Two assessments were performed:
1) a dynamic plane study focused on the time progress of the saline distribution on
a single plane, which provided the Mean Percentage of Grayscale Intensity (MPGI);
and 2) a volumetric study focused on the three dimensional distribution of the saline
around IP at the end of the experiment, which provided the High Intensity Volume Ratio
(HIVR).
Results
The saline solution was conspicuous around the IP and shortly after heterogeneously
inside the vessels. At the high infusion rate, the saline became conspicuous not only
much sooner (evident at 20 s) but farther away (mean value of MPGI over 2%, up to
17 mm from the IP) and at a much higher intensity (mean value of MPGI over 10% up
to 4 mm from the IP). The lower the radial distance to the IP, the greater the difference
in HIVR between both groups.
Conclusions
The high infusion rate leads to a faster, wider and a more marked presence of saline
than the low rate. The rapid drainage into the hepatic veins may explain the heterogeneous
distribution.
Keywords
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Article info
Publication history
Published online: April 05, 2012
Accepted:
March 5,
2012
Received in revised form:
January 27,
2012
Received:
September 28,
2011
Identification
Copyright
© 2012 Associazione Italiana di Fisica Medica. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
