Highlights
- •MPI is a background- and radiation-free tomographic imaging method.
- •Enables 3D real-time imaging.
- •First time flow diverters were investigated using MPI.
- •MPI visualizes the lumen of nitinol FD stents without stent-induced artifacts.
Abstract
Purpose
Magnetic Particle Imaging (MPI) is a new, background- and radiation-free tomographic
imaging method that enables near real-time imaging of superparamagnetic iron-oxide
nanoparticles (SPIONs) with high temporal and spatial resolution. This phantom study
aims to investigate the potential of MPI for visualization of the stent lumen in intracranial
flow diverters (FD).
Methods
Nitinol FD of different dimensions (outer diameter: 3.5 mm, 4.0 mm, 5.5 mm; total
length: 22–40 mm) were scanned in vascular phantoms in a custom-built MPI scanner
(in-plane resolution: ~ 2 mm, field of view: 65 mm length, 29 mm diameter). Phantoms
were filled with diluted (1:50) SPION tracer agent Ferucarbotran (10 µmol (Fe)/ml;
NaCL). Each phantom was measured in 32 different projections (overall acquisition
time per image: 3200 ms, 5 averages). After image reconstruction from raw data, two radiologists assessed image
quality using a 5-point Likert scale. The signal intensity profile was measured using
a semi-automatic evaluation tool.
Results
MPI visualized the lumen of all FD without relevant differences between the stented
vessel phantom and the reference phantom. At 3.5 mm image quality was slightly inferior
to the larger diameters. The FD themselves neither generated an MPI signal nor did
they lead to relevant imaging artifacts. Ratings of both radiologists showed no significant
difference, interrater reliability was good (ICC 0.84). A quantitative evaluation
of the signal intensity profile did not reveal any significant differences (p > 0.05) either.
Conclusion
MPI visualizes the lumen of nitinol FD stents in vessel phantoms without relevant
stent-induced artifacts.
Keywords
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Article info
Publication history
Published online: June 27, 2021
Accepted:
June 21,
2021
Received in revised form:
May 10,
2021
Received:
February 4,
2021
Identification
Copyright
© 2021 Associazione Italiana di Fisica Medica. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
